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OntheTranslationofChineseKeywords

Introduction

Chinese keywords are the words with Chinesecharacteristics and they are unique words ofChina. Chinese keywords embrace party building,political development, economic development, andforeign affairs. In the contemporary epoch, culturalcommunication among various nations matters alot with the emergence of globalization. Translatorsare duty-bounded to disseminate Chinese culture toforeign countries in order to facilitate communicationand cooperation. Consequently, translators bearresponsibilities to accurately express Chinesesentiments and standpoints in the international world.When translators deal with Chinese keywords,several factors and elements should be taken intometiculous consideration, among which are Chinesepolitics, economy, culture, foreign affairs, togetherwith national conditions. The translation of Chinesekeywords will make it easier for foreign readers toknow China better and deepen mutual comprehensionthrough communication and conservation. Accordingly,the translation of Chinese discourses is of greatsignificance in order to boost cultural confidence in thelong run.

1 Translation ofChinese Keywords

Translation actually is a practical activity whosescopes, forms, and essence will change as time goesby. Translation is a complicated cultural activity andacts as a bridge to connect different languages.ci]Translation is the tranormation of two differentlanguages, from the source language to the target language, incorporating cultural meanings, information,translators´ styles and other information. Translationplays a pivotal part during the progress of knowledgedissemination.c2] Undoubtedly, translation promotescultural communication among nations and furthersunderstanding among different countries.

Indubitably, when it refers to the translation ofChinese keywords, it needs not merely understand theconnotation of them, but also express meanings andsemantic information to foreign readers. Yang Pingholds that two rules should be complied with whentranslating Chinese keywords: firstly, faithful to sourcetexts; secondly, words expressions corresponding to thesource language.c3]

As far as Wang Xingping is concerned, someunique words are cores of Chinese political discourses,like sociali with Chinese characteristics andscientific outlook on development. He upholds thefirst principle translators need to comply with is tocomprehend the meanings of Chinese keywords. Thetranslated texts should conform to the target languageto oid misunderstand.ings and seek common groundwhile shelving differences.]

The standpoints of two professors coincide witheach other and they emphasize translation of Chinesekeywords should not only be faithful to the originallanguage and forms, but also correspond to the targetlanguage including language mechanis, makingchoice ofwords concise and natural. Consequently, twoprinciples need to be taken into consideration when wetranslate Chinese keywords: the first is to comprehendthe source substance exactly; the second is to show ourmagnanimity to the target language and seek commonground while sheMng differences.

2 Classification of Chinese Keywords Based onKeywords to Understand ChinⅡ and Poprrlar Words

Keywords to Understand China has givenauthoritative explanations about Chinese keywords,peculiarly political and economic development, foreignaffairs and contemporary conception. The publisheraintain that this is an all-important book whichexpounds Chinese concepts and helps foreign readersunderstand Chinese policy and development path ofsociali with Chinese characteristics. Moreover,Popular Words, compiled by China Daily, emergesand appeals to our concern. In the second edition, itadds more than 400 popular words (current affairs,key issues) and its examples are all from China Daily,Xinhua News Agency, Reuters and Associated Press, allof which are authoritative institutes. As a result, in thelight of Keywords to Understand Chinacs] and PopularWordsc6l, a general classification of Chinese keywordsis made through consultation and investigation.

2.1 LiteralTranslation

Translation is an activity that conveys languageinformation from one language to another. What wehe called literal translation is one strategy thattranslators want to be faithful to the original contentsand forms. Nonetheless, literal translation is notequivalent to mechanized translation. The strategy ofliteral translation is often adopted when translatorsare inclined to directly express meanings and delivercultural connotation to target readers. There is no doubtthat these expressions are concise and comprehensive,clear and easy to understand. Some examples are aollows.

传统中医 traditional Chinese medicine

多次往返签证 multiple-entry visa

二孩经济 second-childeconomy

分红 distribute dividends

父亲假;陪产假patemity lee

互联网+政务服务Intemet Plus govemment services

基础四国BASIC countries

利益共同体community of shared interests

企业文化corporate culture

2.2 Translation ofWords with Chinese Characteristics

When translators are confronted with translatingwords with Chinese characteristics, in the firstplace, they need to he an accurate and preciseunderstanding and it is indispensable for them tobe extreruely conversant with social circumstances,political contexts and cultural differences, conveyingmeanings rightly and accurately. Therefore translationitself is to translate contexts and translate culture.As a result, great importance of contexts cannot beoveremphasized.m Through analysis and classification,some words with Chinese characteristics areenumerated below.

中国梦the Chinese Dream

中国精神the Chinese spirit

中国制造2025 Made in China 2025

中国特色社会主义sociali with Chinesecharacteristics

政治经济学Xi political economics

创新型政府pro-innovation government

“两个一百年”奋斗目标the Two CentennialGoals

五大发展理念five concepts for development

命运共同体community with a shared future

“双一流” "Double First-Class" initiative

3 Probinginto“不忘初心”

The following term has different versions andthere is no standard and categorical version sinceeach version has its own characteristics. The term isdistinctive for it represents China´s latest conceptions.Academic research on it is clearly illustrated aollows.c8] Research on the aforementioned termattracts scholars´ attention in translation fields andacademia. This paper demonstrates various expressionsand dissects reasons accounting for its expression indifferent circumstances.

In terms of the origin of "remain true to ouroriginal aspiration", GuangMing Daily writes somepapers and purports that this expression originates from Maitreya Painting, written by Bai Juyi from TangDynasty. In respect of this poem, GuangMing Dailyprofesses that "remain true to our original aspiration"comes from "remain true to our original aspirationand our goals will come into fruition in the end",which denotes if people remain true to their original aspiration, they will fulfill their dreams ultimately. Andthe expression "original aspiration" appears in reports several times while its translation changes accordingly.

( 1 )不忘初心,牢记使命

Remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind.

( 2 )不忘初心 ,方得始终

Never forget why you started, and you can accomplish your mission.

( 3 )我们党都初心不改,矢志不渝

Our Party has never forgotten its founding mission, nor wered in its pursuit.[9]

On July l, 2016, Xi Jinping elaborated theeight requirements in terms of "remain true to ouroriginal aspiration and make our way forward" in the celebration of foundation of Communist Party of China."Remain true to our original aspiration and keep ourmission firmly in mind", stems from Huayan Sutras,meaning that we need to keep firmly our original faith and we will win our spurs in the course oftime.cio

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